The irrigation system is a collection of equipment that is used to supply water to the crops. These systems help to grow crops even in dry areas. Here, we have listed all the common types of irrigation system.
Common Types of Irrigation System
Surface Irrigation (भूमि सतह सिंचाई प्रणाली)
Drip Irrigation (बूँद-२ सिंचाई प्रणाली)
Sprinkler Irrigation (फव्वारा सिंचाई प्रणाली)
Rain Gun Irrigation (तीव्र फव्वारा सिंचाई प्रणाली)Other Types of Irrigation System
Wheel Mounted Irrigation (पहियायुक्त फव्वारा सिंचाई प्रणाली)
Central Pivot Irrigation (धुरी से लटकी फव्वारा सिंचाई प्रणाली)
Drone Irrigation (इलेक्ट्रॉनिक परजीवी फव्वारा सिंचाई प्रणाली)Surface Irrigation (भूमि सतह सिंचाई प्रणाली)
In surface irrigation, the water is released directly on the land from one end and lets the water flow freely on the surface.
Types of Surface Irrigation:
• Flood Irrigation: Bulk amount of water is released on the surface.
• Water Channel: Water channels are made in the soil to irrigate particular portion(s) of the land.
Drip Irrigation (बूँद-२ सिंचाई प्रणाली)
In drip irrigation, the water is supplied directly to the plants (via small pipes) in the form of continuous water drips.
Main Equipment of Drip Irrigation:
• Water Filter: It is used to filter out the sand or other particles that can potentially block the drip points.
• Pipes: There are mainly two types of pipes (one is straight pipes, second is flexible pipes) used to supply water from the water source to the plants.
• Connectors: Connectors are hollow cylindrical objects that are usually made of plastic. These are used to connect the pipes.
• Water Source: It can be a water reservoir and the water is pumped out using a water pump Or it can be a submersible pump that is used to pump up the groundwater.
Sprinkler Irrigation (फव्वारा सिंचाई प्रणाली)
In sprinkler irrigation, the water is supplied on the surface via overhead sprinkler(s) (a metallic apparatus that is used to release water drops in the air). These sprinklers are connected to a water pump via pipes.
Rain Gun Irrigation (तीव्र फव्वारा सिंचाई प्रणाली)
In rain gun irrigation, the water is supplied on the surface via overhead rain gun(s) (an "L" shaped metallic apparatus that is used to release high-pressure water in the air). These rain guns are connected to a water pump via pipes.
Wheel Mounted Irrigation (पहियायुक्त फव्वारा सिंचाई प्रणाली)
In wheel-mounted irrigation, a series of pipes are fixed at the axels of wheels (appx. 1.5m in diameter). The sprinklers are also fixed along the length of the pipes. This type of irrigation is used to irrigate large farms.
Central Pivot Irrigation (धुरी से लटकी फव्वारा सिंचाई प्रणाली)
In central pivot irrigation, a series of water pipes are joined together and generally mounted on "trusses with wheels". The sprinklers are usually attached to the pipes in an upside-down position (a few meters hanging above the ground).
Drone Irrigation (इलेक्ट्रॉनिक परजीवी फव्वारा सिंचाई प्रणाली)
In drone irrigation, a water tank, sprinklers, and control mechanism are attached to the drone. The sprinklers release water droplets in the air while the drone is in flight.